CEFR levels A1 to C2, explained simply

The Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) describes language ability on six levels. Here's what each looks like in real life.

Updated 2026-10-12

Level Name In real life, you can…
A1 Beginner Introduce yourself, ask simple questions, understand very slow, clear speech
A2 Elementary Handle shopping, directions and simple work tasks; write short messages
B1 Intermediate Deal with most travel situations, describe experiences, follow clear everyday speech
B2 Upper intermediate Discuss many topics with some fluency, understand most TV and work conversations, write clear detailed texts
C1 Advanced Use English flexibly at work and university, understand long and complex texts, express ideas precisely
C2 Proficient Understand almost everything you hear or read, and express yourself very precisely, even on complex topics

How long does it take to move up a level?

It depends on your starting point, how much you practise and how much English you use every day. Moving from one level to the next often takes hundreds of hours of learning and practice. Higher levels take longer. Living and working in English speeds things up a lot.

CEFR and English tests

Most major tests are linked to the CEFR. The new TOEFL iBT score scale (1–6) is aligned to it, Cambridge exams are designed around it, and Pearson and IELTS publish how their scores relate to it. For Australian visas, though, Home Affairs uses each test's own score table, not CEFR levels. See English tests for Australia.

Find your level

Try our free English level test. It takes about 10 minutes.