📘 Part of the Complete English Course · Elementary (A2), week 5
Use 'should' for advice (a good idea), 'have to' for rules and obligations, and 'must' for strong rules, often written ones. 'Don't have to' means it's not necessary.
The rules
Meanings
| Word | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| should | it's a good idea | You should see a doctor. |
| shouldn't | it's a bad idea | You shouldn't go to work sick. |
| have to | it's necessary / a rule | I have to call my manager before 8. |
| don't have to | it's not necessary | You don't have to bring anything. |
| must / mustn't | strong rule / not allowed | Visitors must sign in. You mustn't smoke here. |
Remember
- have to changes with the subject: She has to work today. Did you have to wait?
- should and must don't change: He should rest. (not 'shoulds')
- don't have to ≠ mustn't. 'You don't have to come' = it's optional; 'You mustn't come' = it's not allowed.
- In everyday speech, Australians use 'have to' or 'have got to' more than 'must'.
Listen and repeat
- You should stay home and rest.
- I have to get a medical certificate.
- You don't have to come in today.
- Staff must wash their hands before handling food.
Common mistakes
| Not this | Say this | Why |
|---|---|---|
| You should rest. | No 'to' after should. | |
| She has to work. | she + has to. | |
| You don't have to come tomorrow. | don't have to = not necessary. |
Check yourself
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Frequently asked questions
When do we use should / have to in English?
Use 'should' for advice (a good idea), 'have to' for rules and obligations, and 'must' for strong rules, often written ones. 'Don't have to' means it's not necessary. have to changes with the subject: She has to work today. Did you have to wait?
What are common mistakes with should / have to?
Say 'You should rest.', not 'You should to rest.' (No 'to' after should). Say 'She has to work.', not 'She have to work.' (she + has to). Say 'You don't have to come tomorrow.', not 'You mustn't come tomorrow. (meaning optional)' (don't have to = not necessary).
What level is this should / have to lesson?
It's a Elementary (A2) lesson, week 5 of the free Complete English Course. It takes about 10 minutes and ends with a quiz.